U.P. FOREST CORPORATION AND ANR. v. DY. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, LUCKNOW

Citation: [2007] 12 S.C.R. 601

Court: Supreme Court of India

Bench: ASHOK BHAN, ALTAMAS KABIR

Case summary

U.P. FOREST CORPORATION AND ANR. v. DY. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, LUCKNOW.pdf

Judgment text

' J U. P. FOREST CORPORATION AND ANR. v. DY. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, LUCK. NOW NOVEMBER 27, 2007 [ASHOK BHAN AND ALTAMAS KABIR, JJ. ) Income Tax Act, 1961: ss. 11(J)(a), 12 and J2A-Assessment of income-Application for registration under s. l 2A pending before Tribunal-Claim for exemption under s. 11(1) (a) on the ground that assessee is charitable institution-Assessing Authority holding that it is not charitable institution-Challenge against-Held: For claiming benefit under s. 11(l)(a), registration under s. l 2A is must-Assessee not registered under s. l 2A hence not entitled to exemption under s. 11(l)(a)-Tribunal before whom applicationfor registration pending to take up matter on priority basis and decide same expeditiously- Order of High Court remanding the matter in respect of main assessment shall remain in abeyance till matter regarding registration is decidedfinally by Tribunal. In the instant appeals, the question forconsideration was: Whether the assessee-U. P.

Forest Corporation was entitled to benefit of exemption unders. ll(l)(a) ofthe Income Tax Act, 1961, claiming itself as a charitable institution? Dismissing the appeals of assessee-Corporation as also of Revenue, the Court HELD: 1. 1. For claiming benefit under s. ll(l)(a) ofthe Income Tax Act, 1961, registration under s. 12A is a condition precedent. S. 11 provides for exemption of income which is applied for charitable purposes. S. 12 is in the nature ofan explanation ofs. 11. S. 12A provides that provisions ofss. 11 and 12 shall not apply in relation to income of any trust or institution unless certain conditions are satisfied. Unless ( and until an institution is registered under s. 12A ofthe Act, it cannot claim benefit ofs. 11(1)(a) ofthe Act. Keeping in view the factthat the appellant-Corporation has not been granted registration under s. 12A oftheAct,itis not entitled to claim exemption from payment oftax under ss. 11(1)(a) and 12 of the Act.

[Paras 11 and 12) [606-B, C; 607-A, BJ Commissioner ofIncome-tax, Lucknowv. UP. Forest Corporation, [1998) 3SCC 530 and Valjibhai Muljibhai Soneji v. State a/Bombay (now Gujarat), [1964) 3 SCR 686, referred to. 1. 2. However, in order to protect the interest of the assessee as well as the Revenue, the Tribunal beforewhom the appeals are pending against the order passed by the Commissioner rejectingthe application filed unders. 12A ofthe Act,would take up the matteron priority basis and decide the same as expeditiously as possible without being influenced by any of the findings recorded by the High Court in the impugned order. Till then, the order ofthe High Court remanding the matter in respect ofmain assessment shall remain in abeyance. In the event the matter is finally decided in favour ofthe assessee-Corporation, it would be at liberty to get these appeals revived for a decision on merits.

In case these appeals are re-opened at the instance of the assessee, the appeals filed by the Revenue shall also get revived automatically for decision on merits. All questions are left open. [Para 14, 15and16) (607-D, E, F, G) CIVIL APPELLATE . nJRISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 9432 of 2003. From the Judgment and final Order dated 26. 11. 2002 ofthe High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Income Tax Appeal No. 3 of2000. WITH C. A. Nos. 9433, 9435-9437 of 2003 & 5552 of 2007. Anil Divan, A. K. Ganguli and Sunil Gupta, Jatin Zaveri, Prantap Kalra, R. B. Shukla, Ranvir, Rachana Srivastava and Noorullah for the Appellants. Mohan Parasaran, ASG, Dr. R. G. Padia and R. K. Shukla, K. K. Senthivelan and Anjani Aiyagari (for B. V. Balaram Das) for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by ASHOK BHAN, J. 1. Leave granted in S. L. P. (C) No. 7476 of 2006. 2. The U. P. Forest Corporation (for short, 'the Corporation'), the appellant no. l in Civil Appeal Nos.

9432; 9333; 9435 and 9436 of2003, was constituted by aNotification issued under Section 3 ofthe U. P. Forest Corporation Act, 1974. In the year 1977, the Income-tax authorities issued a notice to the Corporation of file its return of income for the assessment year 1976-77 under the Income-tax Act, 1961 (for short, 'the Act'). The Corporation challenged the said notice by filing Writ Petition No. 1568 of 1977 which was disposed of by the High Court by holding that the Corporation was a local authority under Section 10(20) ofthe Act and was entitled to claim exemption. Since the said order was not challenged by the Revenue, the same became final and remained in force till a contrmy view was taken by this Court in respect ofAssessment Years 1977-78, 1980-81 and 1984-85 in the case ofCommissioner ofIncome tax, Lucknow v. UP. Forest Corporation, reported in [1998] 3 SCC 530. 3.

For the Assessment Year 1977-78, the Corporation's income was asssed by making some additions ofincome and deleting some deductions claimed in the return of income. On an appeal being filed, the Commissioner (Appeals) upheld that the Corporation was exempt from paying tax on the ground that it was a 'local authority' within the meaning of Section 10 (20) of the Act. Insofar as the relief sought regarding additions of income and deletion of deduction in concerned, the Commissioner declined to decide the said issue. The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal ('the Tribunal' for short) set aside the said order of G the Commissioner (Appeals) and held that the Corporation was not 'local authority' and remanded the appeals to the Commissioner (Appeals) for rehearing on merits on the issue of grant of relief relating to additions/deductions. 4. Since the Corporation was also a5sessed for the Assessment Year 1984-85 as was assessed for the Assessment year 1977-78, the .

_ Corporation preferred Writ Petition No. 4424 of 1987 before the High Court ofAllahabad which was accepted and the High Court, by its order dated 19th May 1988, declared that the Corporation was a 'local authority' and was entitled to exemption under Section 10(20) ofthe Act. It also held that it was entitled to exemption under Section 11(1) (a) of the Act being a charitable institution. 5. Aggrieved by the said order, the Department chose to file Special Leave Petition before this Court wherein leave was granted and ultimately the appeals were accepted and the order passed by the High Court was set aside. It was held that the expression 'local authority' was not defined under the Income Tax Act. Section 3(31) of the General Clauses Act, 1897 defined the said expression which came up for consideration before this C'1urt in the case of Valjibhai Muljibhai Soneji v.

State ofBombay, (now Gujarat) [1964] 3 SCR 686 wherein it was held that the defmitions given in the General Clauses Act, govern all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement ofthis Act. Following the said decision, this Court held that even though Section 3(3) of the U. P. Forest Corporation Act regards the Corporation as being the local authority but for the purpose ofthe Act, it would not, in law, make the Corporation a local authority for the purposes of Section I0(20) of the Act. On the question whether the Corporation was to get itselfregistered under Section 12A of the Act for invoking the provisions of Section 11(1) (a) of the Act ofclaim exemption being a charitable institution, it was held that since the question had not been raised before any ofthe authorities below, the High Court should have remanded the case back to either the Assessing Authority or the CEGAT for a decision.

This Court, under peculiar facts and circumstances ofthe case, directed the Assessing Authority to consider the claim ofthe appellant-Corporation as the whether the appellant was not liable to be taxed in view ofthe provisions ofSection 11 (1) (a) ofthe Act as a charitable institution. 6. In the meantime, following the decision ofche High Court in W. P. No. 4424of1987, the Commissioner (Appeals) allowed the appeals of the Corporation in respect of Assessment Years 1977-78 and 1980-81 allowing exemption under Section 10 (20) and Section 11 (1) (a) ofthe Act. 7. The appellant-Corporation, on 1lth July 1988, moved an application before the competent authority for being registered under Section 12A ofthe Act which was rejected after a gap ofnine years on 18th March 1997. 8. Against the said rejection, the Corporation filed Writ Petition No. \ 173 of 1998 before the High Court during the pendency of which the Corporation filed another application for the purpose on 04th May 1998.

The High Court allowed the Writ petition and set aside the order ofthe competent authority rejecting the application of the Corporation for registration on the ground that the Commissioner had passed an order in violation of principles of natural justice inasmuch as the appellant- Corporation had not been given an opportunity ofhearing and directed the Commissioner to re-decide the Corporation's application dated l l'h July 1988 for registration after giving an opportunity of hearing to the Corporation. The Commissioner decided against the Corporation against which order an appeal filed by the Corporation before the Tribunal at Lucknow is pending decision. 9. After the matter was remanded by this Court in the case of Commissioner ofIncome-tax, Lucknow v. UP. Forest Corporation (supra), the Assessing Authority held that the appellant was not charitable institution and assessed the income in respect of Assessment Years 1977-78, 1980-81 and 1984-85 to tax.

Commissioner (Appeal) partly allowed the appeals ofthe appellant-Corporation granting some relief on issues of addition/deductions. The appellant-Corporation as also the Revenue filed appeals against the said order before the Tribunal. The Tribunal allowed the appeals filed by the Revenue and set aside the relief granted to the Corporation on the issue ofadditions/deductions on the ground that this Court had remanded the matter only to decide one issue. 10. Being aggrieved, the Corporation filed an appeal under Section 260A of the Act before the High Court. By the impugned order dated 26' November 2002, the High Court has remanded the matter to the ( Tribunal for considering the matter afresh. Aggrieved by the said order, the Corporation is in appeal before us by filing the aforementioned appeals. The Revenue has also filed Civil Appeal No. 9437 of2003 against the impugned order.

The Revenue has also challenged a subsequent order passed by the High Court wherein the above question has not been decided in view ofthe pendency ofthe aforementioned appeals. 11. We are ofthe considered view that for claiming benefit under Section l l(l)(a), registration under Section 12A is acondition precedent. I I Section 11 provides for exemption of income which is applied for I charitable purposes. Section 12 is in the nature ofan explanation ofSection 11. Section l2A provides that provisions ofSections 11 and 12 shall not apply in relation to income of any trust or institution unless certain conditions are satisfied, one ofwhich is clause (a), the same is reproduced as under: "12A.

The provisions ofsection 11 and section 12 shall not apply in relation to the income ofany trust or institution unless the following conditions are fulfilled, namelv:- (a) the person in receipt ofthe income has made an application for registration ofthe trust or institution in the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner to the Chief Commissioner or Commissioner before Ist day ofJuly 1973, or before the expiry ofa period of one year from the date ofthe creation ofthe trust or the establishment ofthe institution, whichever is later: Provided that the ChiefCommissioner or Commissioner may, in his discretion, admit an application for the registration ofany trust or institution after the expiry ofthe period aforesaid; (b) ................ " 12.

Application for registration under Section 12A has to be made in form IOA prescribed by Rule 17-A of the Income Tax Rules, 1962 before the expiry ofone year from the date ofthe creation ofthe trust or the establishment ofthe institution, whichever is later. TI1e same has to be made by the person in receipt of the income of the trust. Chief Commissioner or Commissioner under proviso to clause (a) ofSection 12A has been vested with the discretion to admit an application for registration after the expiry ofthe prescribed period. A conjoint reading of Section 11, 12 and 12A makes it clear that registration under Section 12A is a condition precedent for availing benefit under Section 11 and 12 ofthe Act. Unless and until an institution is registered under Section 12A ofthe Act, it cannot claim the benefit ofSection l l(l)(a) ofthe Act.

Keeping in view the fact that the appellant-Corporation has not ben granted registration under Section 12A of the Act, we hold that the appellant is not entitled to claim exemption from payment oftax under Sections 11(1 )(a) and 12 ofthe Act. 13. We, accordingly, dismiss the appeals filed by the Corporation without deciding the merits ofthe dispute. 14. In view of the dismissal ofthese appeals, the appeals filed by the Revenue also stand dismissed. However, in order to protect the interest ofthe assessee as well as the Revenue, we direct the Tribunal, before whom the appeals are pending against the order passed by the Commissioner rejecting the application filed under Section 12A ofthe Act, to take up the matter on priority basis and decide the same as expeditiously as possible without being influenced by any ofthe findings recorded by the High Court in the impugned order. 15. We make it clear that in the event the matter is finally decided in favour ofthe assessee, the assessee, viz.

, the Corporation would be at libe1ty to get these appeals revived for a decision on merits. Similarly, in case these appeals are re-opened at the instance of the assessee, the appeals filed by the Revenue shall also get revived automatically for decision on me1its. All questions are left open. 16. It is further made clear that the order ofthe High Court remanding the matter in respect ofmain assessment shall remain in abeyance till the matter regarding registration is decided finally by the Tribunal. 17. No. costs. D. G. Appeals dismissed.